Izitolo ezinkulu iMorrisons zinyusa intengo yezikhwama zepulasitiki ezisebenziseka kabusha zisuka ku-10p ziye ku-15p njengesivivinyo futhi sethula inguqulo yephepha engu-20p.Izikhwama zamaphepha zizotholakala ezitolo eziyisishiyagalombili njengengxenye yesivivinyo sezinyanga ezimbili.Izitolo ezinkulu zithe ukwehlisa ipulasitiki yinto ephambili kumakhasimende abo kwezemvelo.
Izikhwama zamaphepha zisalokhu zidumile e-US, kodwa zayeka ukusetshenziswa ezitolo ezinkulu zase-UK ngeminyaka yawo-1970s njengoba ipulasitiki yayibonwa njengento ehlala isikhathi eside.
Kodwa ingabe izikhwama zephepha zivumelana nemvelo kunepulasitiki?
Impendulo ivela ku-:
• mangakanani amandla asetshenziswayo ukwenza isikhwama ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza?
• Sihlala isikhathi esingakanani isikhwama?(okungukuthi, ingaphinda isetshenziswe kangaki?)
• kulula kangakanani ukugaywa kabusha?
• Ibola ngokushesha kangakanani uma ilahlwa?
'Amandla aphindwe kane'
Ngo-2011iphepha lokucwaninga elikhiqizwe i-Northern Ireland Assemblyyathi “kuthatha amandla angaphezu kwamane ukwenza isikhwama sephepha njengoba kwenza isikhwama sepulasitiki.”
Ngokungafani nezikhwama zepulasitiki (umbiko othi zikhiqizwa ngemfucumfucu yokucwenga uwoyela) iphepha lidinga ukuba amahlathi agawulwe ukuze kukhiqizwe izikhwama.Inqubo yokukhiqiza, ngokocwaningo, iphinde ikhiqize inqwaba yamakhemikhali anobuthi uma iqhathaniswa nokwenza izikhwama zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa kanye.
Izikhwama zephepha nazo zinesisindo esingaphezu kwepulasitiki;lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuthutha kudinga amandla engeziwe, okwengeza ku-carbon footprint yabo, ucwaningo luyengeza.
UMorrisons uthi izinto ezisetshenziselwa ukwenza izikhwama zephepha zizotholakala 100% emahlathini aphathwa ngokuzibophezela.
Futhi uma kutshalwa amahlathi amasha esikhundleni sezihlahla ezilahlekile, lokhu kuzosiza ekuqedeni umthelela wokushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ngoba izihlahla zivala ikhabhoni emkhathini.
Ngo-2006, i-Environmental Agency yahlola uhla lwezikhwama ezenziwe ngezinto ezihlukene ukuze ithole ukuthi zingaki izikhathi okufanele zisetshenziswe kabusha ukuze zibe namandla aphansi okufudumala kwembulunga yonke kunesikhwama sepulasitiki esisetshenziswa kanye kuphela.

Isifundoithole izikhwama zephepha okudingeka ziphinde zisetshenziswe okungenani izikhathi ezintathu, esisodwa esingaphansi kwezikhwama zepulasitiki impilo yonke (izikhathi ezine).
Ngakolunye uhlangothi lwe-spectrum, i-Environmental Agency ithole ukuthi izikhwama zikakotini zidinga inani elikhulu lokuphinda lisetshenziswe, ku-131. Lokho kwakungaphansi kwenani eliphezulu lamandla asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza nokuvundisa intambo kakotini.
• Ama-Morrisons azozama izikhwama zephepha ezingama-20p
• Ukuhlola Iqiniso: Ishonaphi isikhwama sepulasitiki?
• Ukuhlola Okungokoqobo: Iphi intaba yemfucuza yepulasitiki?
Kodwa noma ngabe isikhwama sephepha sidinga ukusetshenziswa kabusha okumbalwa kunokucatshangelwa okungokoqobo: ingabe sizohlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukuze sisinde okungenani ohambweni oluthathu lokuya esitolo?
Izikhwama zamaphepha azihlali isikhathi eside njengezikhwama impilo yonke, zivame ukuhlukana noma zidabuke, ikakhulukazi uma ziba manzi.
Ekuphetheni kwayo, i-Environmental Agency ithi "akunakwenzeka ukuthi isikhwama sephepha singasetshenziswa njalo inombolo edingekayo yezikhathi ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okuphansi".
UMorrisons ugcizelela ukuthi asikho isizathu sokuthi isikhwama sakhe sephepha singaphinda sisetshenziswe izikhathi eziningi njengopulasitiki esiwushintshayo, nakuba kuya ngokuthi isikhwama siphathwa kanjani.
Izikhwama zikakotini, naphezu kokuthi ziyi-carbon esebenza kakhulu ekukhiqizeni, yizona ezihlala isikhathi eside futhi zizoba nempilo ende kakhulu.
Naphezu kokuqina kwalo okuphansi, enye inzuzo yephepha ukuthi libola ngokushesha kakhulu kunepulasitiki, ngakho-ke mancane amathuba okuba libe umthombo kadoti futhi libe yingozi ezilwaneni zasendle.
Iphepha liphinde lisetshenziswe kabanzi, kuyilapho izikhwama zepulasitiki zingathatha iminyaka ephakathi kuka-400 no-1,000 ukubola.
Ngakho yini engcono?
Izikhwama zamaphepha zidinga ukusetshenziswa kabusha okumbalwa kunezikhwama impilo yonke ukuze zihambisane nemvelo kunezikhwama zepulasitiki ezisetshenziswa kanye.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izikhwama zephepha azihlali isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo zezikhwama.Ngakho-ke uma amakhasimende kufanele ashintshe amaphepha awo njalo, kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu kwezemvelo.
Kodwa isihluthulelo sokunciphisa umthelela wazo zonke izikhwama zokuthwala - kungakhathaliseki ukuthi zenziwe ngani - ukuphinda zisetshenziswe ngangokunokwenzeka, kusho uMargaret Bates, uprofesa wokulawulwa kwemfucuza okusimeme eNyuvesi yaseNorthampton.
Abantu abaningi bayakhohlwa ukuletha izikhwama zabo ezisebenziseka kabusha ohambweni lwabo lwamasonto onke lwesitolo esikhulu, futhi bagcine sebethenga izikhwama eziningi etilini, esho.
Lokhu kuzoba nomthelela omkhulu kakhulu kwezemvelo uma kuqhathaniswa nokukhetha nje ukusebenzisa iphepha, ipulasitiki noma ukotini.